How to prolong lithium-based batteries

   Battery research is focusing heavily on lithium chemistries, so
much so that one could presume that all portable devices will be
powered with lithium-ion acer batteries in the future. In many ways,
lithium-ion is superior to nickel and lead-based chemistries and
the applications for lithium-ion batteries are growing as a result.



Lithium-ion has not yet fully matured and is being improved continuously.
New metal and chemical combinations are being tried every six months
to increase energy density and prolong service life. The improvements
in longevity after each change will not be known for a few years.


A lithium-ion battery provides 300-500 discharge/charge cycles.
The battery prefers a partial rather than a full discharge. Frequent
full discharges should be avoided when possible. Instead, charge
the sony vgp-bps9a/b battery more often or use a larger battery. There is no concern
of memory when applying unscheduled charges.



Although lithium-ion is memory-free in terms of performance deterioration,
vgp-bps9/s batteries with fuel gauges exhibit what engineers refer to as "digital
memory". Here is the reason: Short discharges with subsequent
recharges do not provide the periodic calibration needed to synchronize
the fuel gauge with the battery's state-of-charge. A deliberate
full discharge and recharge every 30 charges corrects this problem.
Letting the battery run down to the cut-off point in the equipment
will do this. If ignored, the fuel gauge will become increasingly
less accurate. (Read more in 'Choosing the right battery for portable
computing', Part Two.)



Aging of lithium-ion is an issue that is often ignored. A lithium-ion
battery in use typically lasts between 2-3 years. The capacity loss
manifests itself in increased internal resistance caused by oxidation.
Eventually, the cell resistance reaches a point where the pack can
no longer deliver the stored energy although the vgp-bps9/b battery may still
have ample charge. For this reason, an aged vgp-bps9 battery can be kept
longer in applications that draw low current as opposed to a function
that demands heavy loads. Increasing internal resistance with cycle
life and age is typical for cobalt-based lithium-ion, a system that
is used for cell phones, cameras and laptops because of high energy
density. The lower energy dense manganese-based lithium-ion, also
known as spinel, maintains the internal resistance through its life
but loses capacity due to chemical decompositions. Spinel is primarily
used for power tools.



The speed by which lithium-ion ages is governed by temperature and
state-of-charge. Figure 1 illustrates the capacity loss as a function
of these two parameters.




size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Figure
1: Permanent capacity loss of lithium-ion as a function of temperature and charge
level.

High charge levels and elevated temperatures hasten permanent
capacity loss. Improvements in chemistry have increased the storage performance
of lithium-ion sony batteries.

size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">

The mentioning of limited service life on lithium-ion has caused
concern in the vgp-bps8 battery industry and I will need to add some clarifications.
Let me explain:

If someone asks how long we humans live, we would soon find out
that the longevity varies according to life style and living conditions
that exist in different countries. Similar conditions exist with
the batteries, lithium-ion in particular. Since BatteryUniversity
bases its information on the feedback from users as opposed to scientific
information derived from a research lab, longevity results may differ
from manufacturer' specifications. Let's briefly look at the various
living conditions of the lithium-ion battery.



The worst condition is keeping a fully charged vgp-bps12 battery at elevated
temperatures, which is the case with running laptop batteries. If
used on main power, the battery inside a laptop will only last for
12-18 months. I must hasten to explain that the pack does not die
suddenly but begins with reduced run-times.



The voltage level to which the cells are charged also plays an pa3399u-2brs important
role to longevity. For safety reasons, most lithium-ion cannot exceed
4.20 volts per cell. While a higher voltage boosts capacity, the
disadvantage is lower cycle life. Figure 2 shows the cycle life
as a function of charge voltage.



size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">

There are no remedies to restore lithium-ion once worn out. A momentary
improvement in performance is noticeable when heating up the pa3534u-1brs battery.
This lowers the internal resistance momentarily but the condition
reverts back to its former state when the temperature drops. Cold
temperature will increase the internal resistance.



If possible, store the pa3535u-1brs battery in a cool place at about a 40% state-of-charge.
Some reserve charge is needed to keep the battery and its protection
circuit operational during prolonged storage. Avoid keeping the
battery at full charge and high temperature. This is the case when
placing a cell phone or spare battery in a hot car. Running a laptop
computer on the mains has a similar temperature problem. While the
battery is kept fully charged, the inside temperature during operation
rises to 45°C (113°F).



Removing the battery from the laptop when running on fixed power
protects the battery from heat. With the concern of the battery
overheating and causing fire, a spokesperson for the U.S. Consumer
Product Safety Commission advises to eject the PA3615U-1BRM battery of affected
laptops and to run the machines on a power cord. It should be noted
that on a power outage, unsaved works will be lost.

The question is often asked, should the laptop be disconnected from
the main when not in use? Under normal circumstances, it should
not matter with lithium-ion. Once theToshiba battery is fully charged,
no further charge is applied. However, there is always the concern
is malfunction of the AC adapter, the laptop or the battery.



A large number of lithium-ion inspiron 6400 battery for cell phones are being
discarded under the warranty return policy. Some failed batteries
are sent to service centers or the manufacturer, where they are
refurbished. Studies show that 80%-90% of the returned batteries
can be repaired and returned to service.



Some lithium-ion batteries fail due to excessive low discharge.
If discharged below 2.5 volts per cell, the internal safety circuit
opens and the latitude d630 battery appears dead. A charge with the original charger
is no longer possible. Some battery analyzers (Cadex) feature a
boost function that reactivates the protection circuit of a failed
battery and enables a recharge. However, if the cell voltage has
fallen below 1.5V/cell and has remained in that state for a few
months, a recharge should be avoided because of safety concerns.
To prevent failure, never store the battery fully discharged. Apply
some charge before storage, and then charge fully before use.



All personal computers (and some other electronic devices) contain
a xps m1530 battery for memory back up. This battery is commonly a small non-rechargeable
lithium cell, which provides a small current when the device is
turned off. The PC uses the battery to retain certain information
when the power is off. These are the BIOS settings, current date
and time, as well as resource assignment for Plug and Play systems.
Storage does shorten the service life of the backup battery to a
few years. Some say 1-2 years. By keeping the computer connected
to the main, albeit turned off, a battery on the PC motherboards
should be good for 5-7 years. A PC should give the advanced warning
when inspiron 1525 battery gets low. A dead back-up battery will wipe out the
volatile memory and erase certain settings. After battery is replaced,
the PC should again be operational.



size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Longevity
of high-power lithium-ion

Generally speaking, XPS M1730 Battery live longer if treated in a gentle
manner. High charge voltages, excessive charge rate and extreme
load conditions will have a negative effect and shorten the battery
life. This also applies to high current rate lithium-ion batteries.



Not only is it better to charge lithium-ion Latitude D520 Battery at a slower
charge rate, high discharge rates also contribute the extra wear
and tear. Figure 3 shows the cycle life as a function of charge
and discharge rates. Observe the good laboratory performance if
the dell battery is charged and discharged at 1C. (A 0.5C charge and
discharge would further improve this rating.)





size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Latitude D830 Battery experts agree that the life of lithium-ion depends on other factors
than charge and discharge rates. Even though incremental improvements
can be achieved with careful use of the battery, our environment
and the services required are not always conducive to achieve optimal
battery life. The longevity of a battery is often a direct result
of the environmental stresses applied.

size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Simple
Guidelines

• Avoid frequent full discharges because this puts
  additional strain on the Latitude D600 battery. Several partial discharges with frequent recharges
  are better for lithium-ion than one deep one. Recharging a partially charged lithium-ion
  does not cause harm because there is no memory. (In this respect, lithium-ion
  differs from nickel-based batteries.) Short battery life in a laptop is mainly
  cause by heat rather than charge / discharge patterns.
  
  
• Batteries with
  fuel gauge (laptops) should be calibrated by applying a deliberate full discharge
  once every 30 charges. Running the pack down in the equipment does this. If ignored,
  the fuel gauge will become increasingly less accurate and in some cases cut off
  the device prematurely.
  
  
  
• Keep the lithium-ion battery cool. Avoid a
  hot car. For prolonged storage, keep the dell hg307 battery at a 40% charge level.
  
  
• Consider
  removing the battery from a laptop when running on fixed power. (Some laptop manufacturers
  are concerned about dust and moisture accumulating inside the battery casing.)
  
  
  
• Avoid purchasing spare lithium-ion  XPS M1330 Battery for later use.
  Observe manufacturing dates. Do not buy old stock, even if sold
  at clearance prices.
  
  
  
• If you have
  a spare lithium-ion battery, use one to the fullest and keep the other cool by
  placing it in the refrigerator. Do not freeze the battery. For best results, store
  the battery at 40% state-of-charge
  
• The artices from: batteryblog  laptopbattery  batterymag  laptopbatterymag
  
  
  

Nano-technology can make fabric and paper into light battery

An engineer has found a cheap and efficient production of light paper-based Dell XPS M1730 Battery and super capacitors, as well as extension and conductive textiles method, called “e-textiles (eTextiles)”, the textile can store energy, while preserving the of paper or fabric mechanical properties.

Batteries and super capacitors store energy by electrostatic, not chemical methods.

Yi Cui of Stanford University engineers will be plain paper or fabric soaked in a special nano-particles into the ink to develop e-textiles.

Cui-led teams, and even envisages a number of functional purposes for their xps m1530 battery invention . May one day save the future of home energy use wallpaper. Gadget lovers can connect the gadget at any time to their T-shirts, to the portable gadget charging devices. Energy textiles can also be used to produce mobile display apparel, production and response capabilities with high-performance sports apparel as well as a wear-resistant ability of heavily armed soldiers.

The development of these high-tech products for inspiron 6400 battery is the main component of the human eye can not see the nano-structures, nano-structures can be assembled, so that they have the conductive features, the structure of this assembly has the potential to market some of the power storage devices provide solutions for problems encountered.

Cui team experimental device used in nano-particle type of the product is expected to function under the change - Lithium cobalt oxide battery for latitude d630 battery is a compound commonly used in batteries, while the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is used for super-capacitors.

Cui said: “Energy storage is a very old area of research, super capacitors, inspiron 1525 battery batteries - these are old things. How to truly make a revolutionary impact in this area? This requires a lot of different ways of thinking.”

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The research of lighter and more capacity battery:lithium-air battery

The proliferation of portable electronic devices and small size and development of transport powered by electricity made it increasingly necessary to develop laptop batteries that store more energy with less weight. But in the battery weight, size and ability do not necessarily go hand in hand: there are large and heavy batteries that store electricity proportionally less than other smaller and lighter. This depends on the materials used in their manufacture.
Lithium ion batteriesCurrently, lithium-ion batteries are the highest energy density. That is, are those that have more capacity in relation to its weight and size.
They are the most commonly used eg in electronic devices such as mobile phones, laptops and even electric vehicles, where lightness in relation to the high capacity of this type of Dell laptop battery determines the speed and range of the vehicle.
an example is the Tesla Motors electric cars, which are named after Nikola Tesla (1856 - 1943), inventor of the electric motor, which makes them possible through the use of lithium ion batteries achieve a range of nearly 400 km and an acceleration higher than most "supercars" combustion engine.
Tesla still in its batteries weigh only two to three times more than a combustion engine to provide equivalent services. But even without being perfect the lithium-ion Dell XPS M1330 Battery also offer other important advantages.
No memory effect, ie not lose load capacity but do not complete cycles of loading and unloading, it is recommended to do from time to time.
Lithium batteries support a high number of chargesIn addition withstand a high number of loads, maintain the load for long periods of time even if not used and can be charged a substantial part or in full very quickly, even in a matter of minutes depending on your Dell XPS M1530 Battery capacity.
But despite all its benefits are not capable enough and light.
With air, lighter and capableEarlier this year announced Energizer Dell XPS M1210 Battery (not rechargeable) zinc-air called, with up to three times more capacity than an equivalent battery lithium ion.
Other research work in the version of this type of rechargeable Dell Latitude D830 Battery , while maintaining the increased capacity and lightness as main characteristics.
as its name suggests zin batteries zinc-air or oxygen used by a zinc side, a common and cheap material and also light, and another oxygen from the air to cause the chemical reaction (oxidation of zinc) that produces electrical current.
More recently it has announced the development of prototype lithium-air (or lithium-oxygen) as conducted at MIT.
The lithium-air Dell XPS M1730 Battery are very similar to current lithium ion but much lighter since-as was the case with the zin-air battery, producing electricity from the passage of a stream of air through sheets perforated carbon.
also investigated other combinations of materials for use in such batteries, with security in its operating costs and maintain their property and capacity over many cycles of loading only a few of the many obstacles still to be resolved before can be marketed.
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Battery : Power in the journey

Who wants to buy is not always fresh laptop batteries for cameras and music players, invest in rechargeable batteries. Eventually, the discharged current donors up to 1000 times more recharge, promises to advertising. But beware: Error loading reduced performance and life of a battery dramatically. COMPUTER IMAGE tells you what to consider when buying batteries and chargers.

For which devices is worthwhile to batteries?

For all devices, which consume a lot of power in a short time. For digital cameras, music player and flashlight Latitude D820 Battery are therefore better than batteries. Although batteries are in AA (AA) – or micro format (AAA) with about 5 euros more expensive than batteries (75 cents). But an AA battery replaced during its lifetime 200 batteries.

What type of battery is best?

It depends on the intended use. A good price-performance ratio offer the popular nickel Metallydrid batteries. But for some purposes are nickel-cadmium batteries, lead and lithium-ion Dell Latitude D520 Battery cells better. COMPUTER IMAGE describes the advantages and disadvantages of different types of the next page in this guide.

How long does a battery last?

Many manufacturers advertise the Dell Inspiron 6000 Battery with claims such as “up to 1000 times rechargeable. But each discharge – this is the complete discharge of the battery marked by prolonged disuse – and every overloading damages the battery. In practice, most power sources to create around 400 charge cycles.

What should I consider when buying a charger?

Buy only chargers that are suitable for the type of Inspiron 6400 Battery . Not every device can load as antiquated nickel-cadmium cells. And for lead or lithium batteries, you need a device with constant voltage. Good chargers have the following features:

• * Microprocessor control: It ensures that the battery is fast, but also gently loaded.


• * Power Off: You know when your Dell Latitude D830 Battery is full (see picture above right).


• * Maintenance Mode: The device thus determines the battery is charged and discharged completely before recharging it, the so-called “memory-preventing effect”. This effect occurs especially for nickel-cadmium Dell Latitude D800 Battery : they are often discharged only partially formed in the interior of crystals. Result: The battery stores less energy.

What types of chargers are available?


• * Universal Chargers: load except AA or AAA batteries, including 9-volt batteries, flashlights, or thick blocks (Baby or mono cells) with high capacity Dell Latitude D620 Battery. They are available from 25 euros.


• * Compact charger with microprocessor control: they make up to four Sony VGP-BPS8 AA or micro-cells in three to four hours afloat again. They are have over 21 euros.


• * Fast-Chargers: This “turbo-charge” VGP-BPS9/B VGP-BPS9 batteries to make it operational in 15 minutes. But for up to 6 amps to flow (that’s the measure of the strength of electricity), and this shortens the life span to about 250 charge cycles. Most devices do not make it to recharge standard batteries in fifteen minutes altogether. A little bit longer’s in practice already.

batterymag.co.uk Hopes that help you in your journey.

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Top lithium battery technology

Top lithium sony vgp-bps8 battery technology

International top-level leaders in brainstorming lithium technology, forward-looking vision to lead the lithium market

Followed in Japan’s footsteps, China’s lithium vgp-bps9 battery so that the speed of the development of the world’s surprise, the domestic battery industry, escalating R & D capabilities, Shenzhen has become a centralized global battery manufacturing base.

Lithium Third South China International High-Level Forum (International Year) will be held in Shenzhen in 2008, for the lithium power industry technology and market opportunities for exchange and discussion. Forum invited the world’s six major lithium technology giant, with a strong lineup coming out say it has become sony vgp-bps9/s the focus of the forum has drawn greater attention. Lithium power the world’s top experts in the “meet and appearance” in the lithium battery industry, the first time. The Forum will result in trying to play a high standard of the industry event to explore technological innovations, decryption market applications for the development of lithium from the theory laid the foundation.

Lithium Third South China International High-Level Forum “New technologies, new materials, new applications” as the theme for the survival of lithium present situation and development trend through expert’s “perspective” seek to market success and failure. The past two relatively high-level forum for the Third South sony vgp-bps9/b China Lithium-Ion battery is more international, its attention from technology into applications. Electrical safety in lithium suffered doubts, material replacement repeatedly troubled by today’s convening of this forum is for the entire industry, sent a “snow of the carbon.”

Li-ion technology, bear the brunt of the impact of changes in the lithium battery manufacturers, the Forum convened aroused their great concern. Shenzhen BYD Battery Co., Ltd., Tianjin Lishen Battery Co., Ltd., Shenzhen BAK Battery Co., Ltd., Guangyu Group, Fujian Scud Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen City Yong Yuan Hsiung Feng Technology Co., Ltd. and so on will be represented. In addition, the supplier of lithium and lithium-electronic applications also sony vgp-bps9a/b pay special attention to all walks of life lithium power technology development, Shenzhen, Barrett Electronic Materials Co., Ltd., the National Rainbow digital communications, Sichuan Union Po Industrial Co., Longcheer Holdings Limited, Shanghai Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Wen-tai Reservations are also involved.

Update the use of energy is sufficient to subvert the industrial development of the industry, easy to use lithium batteries, and the green environmental protection, social significance and economic interests is self-evident. Today, energy shortages, lithium power whether the technology sony vgp-bpl9 can ease energy pressures, applied to every aspect of life.

Third High Level Forum on South China Lithium-Ion sony vgp-bpl8 will set off an international leading lithium technology leaders, brainstorming, so that the wisdom of lithium-electric power generation driven workings of the world.

From :laptopbatteryblog  batterymag  batteryblog  laptopbatterymag

lithium batteries growth rate

2010 growth rate of lithium batteries – sony vgp-bps8 battery

Yano Economic Research Institute released, expected in 2007 year (April 2007 ~ March 2008) Lithium-ion rechargeable battery shipments worldwide increased 17% than the previous year, reaching 2.4 billion 50 million. Yano Economic Research Institute summarizes the May 2007 ~ November battery manufacturers sony vgp-bps9 battery, material manufacturers and application vendors interview findings. Supply is expected to amount to an increase of 13%, reaching 925.5 billion ¥ 97,000,000.

From the different shapes of products shipments of view, cylinder-shaped 46%, a square of 41%, polymer type (containing aluminum battery) is 13%. Cylindrical batteries in notebook computers xps m1530 battery equipped with more than 4 or 6. Power Tools for the new market is formed, each machine is also equipped with multiple batteries. Square batteries, cell phones, particularly in emerging market countries for the supply of low-priced models inspiron 1525 battery have played a catalytic role. Lithium-ion polymer batteries for mobile phone sales growing as the center.

From the different uses of view, for the cell phone 49%, 36% for notebook computers, for digital cameras to 4%. Expected that with the BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India and China) emerging markets such as mobile phones and laptop computers more widespread, these portable products, growth will slow, while growth in lithium pa3399u-1brs , latitude d630 battery battery market will be slow. Yano Economic Research Institute forecast: before 2009 will continue to achieve double-digit growth, while the beginning of the year 2010, the growth rate will be lower than 10%.

From :battery  batteryblog   Sony laptop battery    dell laptop battery   goodbattery

The life of lithium batteries may be extended: store and charge

If possible, the inspiron 6400 battery should be stored in a cool place with 40% charged. A certain energy reserve is needed to keep the operations of the battery and its protection circuit, during prolonged storage. The worst combination is full charge and high temperature. This happens when the phone or spare battery in a hot car to stay. Using a laptop with a mains supply is similar to temperature problems. If a battery is fully charged, the internal temperature rises during use at about 45 ° C.Dell XPS M1530 Battery

Removing the battery from the laptop when it is fed by the network, protects the Dell d5318 battery from overheating, but different laptop and battery manufacturers warn. They say that dust and moisture can damage the laptop. The seller will be lucky if he can sell them a replacement battery, maybe a little earlier than really necessary.

But the question is often asked whether the laptop should be unplugged when not in use. With lithium-ion, this is not an issue. Once the latitude d620 battery is fully charged, no additional charge current flows more. It is however recommended to switch off the laptop overnight, because of heat damage to the battery.

A large number of lithium-ion batteries is finally disposed of during the warranty period. Some of the defective batteries are sent to a service center or the manufacturer, where they are regenerated. Studies show that 80-90% of the returned latitude d610 battery can be repaired and reinstated.

Some lithium-ion batteries fail due to deep discharge. If the discharge to a lower cell voltage of 2.5 V / cell, leads, opens the internal protection circuit and the battery seems to be dead. A charge with the original charger is impossible. Some battery analyzers (Cadex) have the ability to reactivate a Boost (wake-up) function, the protection circuit such a ‘defective’ aspire 3000 battery, and thus allow the loading process again.

However, if the cell voltage below 1.5 volts per cell has fallen, and remains for several days in this condition should be waived on a recharge for security reasons. To prevent such margins, a inspiron 1525 battery should never be stored fully discharged. Charge the battery before storing something and then load it fully before the recent use.

All the PC (personal computer) and some other electronic devices that contain a backup battery for internal memory. This latitude d630 battery is usually a small, non-rechargeable lithium battery, which delivers a small current when the device is switched off. The PC uses the battery to be able to store certain information, even if the device is switched off. These are the entries in the BIOS, the current date and time, and allocating resources of the Plug and Play system. The memory function is to shorten life expectancy by a backup battery for a few years.

Some people say one to two years. If the PC connected to the network, even though he is off, should the backup battery on the PC mother board for 5 to 7 years his gut. A PC should display a timely reminder, if this backup Apple a1185 Sony vgp bps5 battery is weak. A non-operational back-up battery leads to the loss of the volatile memory, and some settings may be lost. According to replace the backup battery, the PC should again be operational.

The artices :batteryblog   Dell battery

Simple Guidelines about using battery when charging and storing

Avoid frequent full discharges because this leads to additional power consumption of the backup battery. Frequent partial discharges with many charges are better for lithium-ion laptop battery than one total discharge. Charging a partially discharged lithium-ion battery, the battery does not hurt, since no memory effect occurs. (In this respect, lithium-ion differs) of nickel-based batteries. The short battery life in a laptop is justified by the heat rather than through many charge / discharge cycles ..

Although free from memory, it should at lithium-ion batteries are only aware after 30 cycles, a full discharge is to calibrate the Toshiba pa3384u-1brs PA3399U-1BRS Battery battery with the fuel gauge too. The discharge of the battery with the device serves this purpose. If this is ignored, the fuel gauge is crucial unreliable. The battery life will not be affected.

Lithium-ion Apple a1057 A1045 batteries should be kept cool. Hot cars are to be avoided. For longer storage, the battery of vgp-bps9 should have a charge of about 40%.

Consider removing the iBook G4 14 Battery battery from a laptop when it is fed from the mains. (Some laptop manufacturers are concerned about dust and moisture accumulating inside the battery compartment).

Abstain from the purchase of a replacement MacBook Pro 15 Battery battery for later use. Note the date of manufacture. Do not buy old batteries, even if they are offered at reasonable prices.

Hopes that help you.

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Experts Call for home power outlet qualified products to choose 3C logo(C)

Batterymag.co.uk. Bo can come from different areas of security research and development of new socket converter. According to FENG Song-yun introduced, starting with the basic structure of the size of the outlet socket to ensure the security and reliability, correct insertion inspiron 6400 battery, to prevent dislocation can be inserted, and must be inserted very reliable, and repeated use can not be loose, in addition to a certain power according to demand strict control, can not enough power can not be overload.

First of all, Bo, latitude d630 battery can come through several products use patented technology to ensure the security and reliability, such as automatic high-voltage protection, Lightning Surge Protection (high-power large appliances to produce a protective boot time), electronic information security systems xps m1530 battery (anti – outside information interference), anti-theft of electricity, electric shock and so on. In addition, the Division can come to Bo recently promoting “multi-power control” technology that each jack has a switch with vpg-bps9 battery, a single socket can only switch the power button corresponding to the free-pass, no electricity and often without interpolation, pulling electrical plugs; Using this technology, there is a new socket “automatic timing converter” function, can guarantee such as inspiron 1525 battery every morning 7:30 start, 18:30 shutdown, safe and energy-efficient.

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How to made a wooden keyboard

This wooden keyboard enclosure came not so much from a desire to make something out of wood, but wanting a custom keyboard case, but from wanting a slightly smaller keyboard case for a keyboard with the numeric keypad cut off.

Maybe you’d like to match the wood of your desk to your Inspiron 1521 Battery keyboard. Maybe you need just the right look for your steampunk workshop. Either way, with this tutorial, you can craft a wooden case for your keyboard.

The solution is to cut the numeric keypad off an otherwise regular latitude d630 battery keyboard. Of course, that’s not as trivial as it sounds. At left you can see some various layers of the Inspiron 1526 Battery keyboard, arranged after I cut it apart. There are vital interconnects under the keypad that the keyboard would not function without. Also, the PCB attached to the foil with all the traces on it also connects to the right side.

My approach is to take the circuitry from under the right side of the keyboard, and just fold it under the page up/down and cursor keys. The foil with all the traces on it is flexible enough that you can get away with doing that.

A big challenge with making a wooden case is to cut a nice bezel for the Inspiron 1721 Battery keyboard. I traced the shape of the bezel from my donor keyboard onto a piece of plywood.Dell XPS M1730 Battery.

The next step was to cut out the openings with a scrollsaw. Its one of the few things where a scrollsaw is a vital tool. A bandsaw would not work because the blade can’t be threaded through the openings to cut the insides.

 

Although I was careful to try to get all my edges straight with the scroll saw, they still had a bit of hand-sketched waviness to them. But then I had the idea of using my router table to clean up the long edges of Inspiron 1720 Battery. By sliding my plywood against the fence, the router will cut a straight edge inside one of the cutouts.

I should have thought of this technique before I cut the holes with the scrollsaw. I would have cut them much less carefully, and a little undersize, knowing that I’d get it all perfectly cleaned up with the router afterwrds.

Checking the fit of the keyboard bezel. The bezel is still oversized all around the edges. Its kind of neat how it looks with so much flat surface around the Sony VGP-BPS8 keys. If Bang & Olufsen made a computer keyboard, it would probably look a bit like that.

The keyboard Dell XPS M1530 Battery itself is mounted on a piece of plywood. This is trickier than it looks.

The keyboard has some spacers under it to give it support. I decided that the bottom of my keyboard case is to lie flat on the desk surface, so that I have some interior space to fold the contact foil and PCB under the keys on the Lenovo 40y6797 right side.

Here’s the right side, with the foil folded under. Getting the keyboard to the point where the keys would line up, and be against the contact foil and backing sheet metal took a lot of iteration. If found that if I didn’t get it exactly right, the keys would feel like they hit a hard bottom, because they were impacting against their plastic guide instead of the rubber dome that pushes the pieces of foil together.

Based on how the bezel rested on the keyboard, I measured its angle, and cut wedges out of maple for the sides, and pieces for the front and back of the ThinkPad R40 Battery keyboard. I glued these against the bezel using some spring clamps

I also made a cutout for the inspiron 6400 battery keyboard cable’s rubber strain relief to fit into.

Next I screwed the top an bottom parts of my keyboard case together and trimmed off the excess on the table saw. I trimmed it such that I also trimmed not just the plywood, but my wood sides as well, to get all the pieces exactly flush with each other.

Here’s the Pavilion dv9000 Battery keyboard after trimming. Its very boxy and rectangular, perhaps reminiscent of an early 1980s Volker-Craig VC303 terminal – the kind with a housing made out of rectangular bent sheet metal.

After a bit of sanding, and five liberal coats of varnish, and the keyboard has some nice round edges to it now.

The article Via laptopbattery from batterymag

  Dell battery,Sony battery, acer battery

Battery recycle

Battery is generally cylindrical in shape with two terminals, one positive electrode and one negative electrode that conduct electricity along with a substance called electrolyte, that works on the electrodes, chemically and help convert into electrical energy. There is a copper wire that connects the two electrodes. Materials that are used in batteries are carbon, alkaline, chlorine, lithium ion, lead, nickel, sodium, silicon, copper, etc.

Batteries are classified into two- Dry cells and wet cells. The wet cell batteries are also termed storage battery ( VGP-BPS8) as they can be recharged as many times as possible. Batteries are also divided as rechargeable and non-rechargeable or disposable batteries for vgp-bps9. The second type is again termed as primary cells, used till the chemical that produce the electrical current supply is fully consumed, at which point the battery is not needed anymore. These types of batteries are used very commonly in small and portable piece of equipments that drain low current.

The other type is rechargeable or in other words secondary Dell Latitude D800 Battery cells that can be “refueled” even after being completely consumed. For recharging, these batteries need some external help from devices as chargers or re-chargers.

In the present world due to the development of science and technology almost everything (papers, plastics, Inspiron E1505 Battery, aluminum, etc.) can be recycled without wasting it by just throwing it after use. Thus we see that recycling is a procedure by which waste products are recovered for reusing, which is also known as waste management.

Laptop Battery recycling falls under electronic waste or e-waste. Here any discarded, broken or unwanted electrical or electronic equipments, containing toxic materials are recycled for further use. Batteries like, nickel-cadmium, lead, lithium batteries are made to reuse as the chemicals present in them can cause harm to the environment if allowed to stay long in open air after being discarded by the users. Moreover batteries are regarded as the most expensive energy source and their production requires much valuable recourse, so they are recycled so as to restore those valuable materials from those old and used batteries through battery recyling.

Cadmium is a heavy metal and can cause pollution if burned or cremated. To avoid lead pollution lead-aced batteries are processed. This program is considered to be highly successful. Lithium-ion Latitude D400 Battery can be very dangerous if exposed to high temperature or sunlight, it can ignite or explode. Therefore battery recycling is a must if we want to protect our environment.

The Recycling Process:

First of all, the batteries to be recycled are sorted according to chemistries such as nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal-hydride, lithium Sony VGP-BPS9A/B , alkaline etc. The combustible material, such as plastics and insulation, is then removed with a gas fired thermal oxidizer, which is the first step in the recycling process. Most recycling plants have scrubbers where the gases from the thermal oxidizer are neutralized to remove pollutants, producing clean, naked cells that contain precious metal content.

The metal in the inspiron 6400 batteries are then heated to liquefy, after they have been hacked into little pieces. Black slag left by burned out non-metallic substances are scraped off with a slag arm, and the different alloys that settle according to weight are skimmed off. Some plants pour the liquid metals directly into (65 pounds) or ‘hogs’ (2000 pounds) without separating on site, which are then shipped to metal recovery plants to produce nickel, chromium and iron re-melt alloy for the manufacturing of other metal products.

State and Federal Regulations in the United States:

The Mercury-Containing and Rechargeable Battery Management Act was passed in 1996 by the U.S. Congress which requires regulated batteries such as Ni-CD batteries and sealed lead-acid batteries to:

1. be easily removable from consumer products to make VGP-BPS9/B easier to recover them for recycling

2. include in the label the battery chemistry, the “three chasing arrows” symbol, and a phrase that instructs users to properly recycle or dispose the battery

3. provide national uniformity in collection, storage, and transport

4. phase out the use of certain mercury-containing batteries

By recycling batteries VGP-BPS9/S the environment is not being polluted nearly as much, many natural resources are saved due to the rechargeable laitude d630 batteries also. There is a large variety of websites on the Internet with more quality information on recycling batteries.

Some contents from : http://www.articlesnatch.com and laptop battery blog,batterymag,laptopbatterymag,

batteryus.

Laptop battery CAUTION AND USAGE

http://www.batterymag.co.uk/ Found some laptop battery caution and usage in the internet, and I share the tips to our readers.

When laptop battery is not used normally, battery and battery device would be damaged.

New battery must be charged by specific charger.

Keep Sony laptop battery dry and be ventilative.

There is organic flammable in battery. If it is not used normally, it will be broke, leaking water, or too hot. These will cause battery damaged perpetually. There is safe protection device inside the battery.

Do not use inspiron 1525 battery
near the fire, stove or the place in a temperature higher than 80οC

The battery safe protection parameter and index would be damaged if battery is in the water. Then the Latitude D830 Battery can not work regularly. Finally the battery might be too hot, get fire or explode.

Don’t weld the battery with flat soldering because soldering melts battery insulator and damages safety circuit.

Don’t extrude the laptop battery with heavy object or the battery might be out of shape.

If the battery is connected in reverse terminal, the battery would be too hot, get fire or be damaged.

Some functions of the Latitude D820 Battery can not be used if the pack is not working in a specific machine. And the battery life would be shortened.

If not using the specific adapter or change the specific adapter parameter, the battery would be too hot, get fire or explode.

Once the Sony VGP-BPS9/B battery is found having problems, stop using it immediately.

The article Via laptop battery blog,batteryblog,laptopbatterymag

Fujitsu Lifebook T4010 Tablet PC notebook

The Fujitsu LifeBook T4010 fujitsu lifebook t4010 battery vgp-bps8 is a Tablet PC notebook convertible device. Fujitsu has more than 60 % of the worldwide Tablet PC market-share and they have been in this market since the beginning, so it seems that Fujitsu has the best experience with this type of product. The T4010 vgp-bps10 is not a pure Tablet like the Fujitsu Stylistic ST50xx series, the ST50xx is a slate style Tablet PC (no keyboard, just electric pen as input). The T4010 meanwhile is a kind of a "variable" notebook, meaning that in normal mode you can use the T4010 as an ordinary notebook, but when you flip the screen over on top of the keyboard, it transforms into a tablet style device, and thereby brings to the table the advantages of a tablet and notebook all-in-one.

Fujitsu LifeBook T4010

The T4010 vgp-bpl8 battery is targeted at professionals and business people, students vgp-bpl8 in certain disciplines might find this device highly useful too, but the $2,000+ price tag might put it out of the price range for such people. One field where tablets are doing well is of course medicine. This makes a lot of sense because you can use a tablet easily while you are on your feet, with a regular notebook you really need a flat surface to rest on. With a Tablet PC you can hold the device with one hand and the pen in the other hand acts as a mouse and input device. I personally like to use this Tablet PC feature in situations when an ordinary notebook is uncomfortable, such as in a car behind the steering-wheel (when parked in traffic or waiting for somebody, not while vgp-bps2b driving preferably!) or even in bed. If you're flying in cramped conditions with little room in front, a Tablet PC may be easier for input purposed then too. Taking notes by hand in a meeting and capturing sketches, not just writing, is a nice feature. Engineers, scientists, designers and anyone capturing flow diagrams could appreciate this feature. And if you're worried that the operating system might be tough to get used to, well just remember that Windows XP Tablet PC Edition is nothing more than Windows XP Pro with some added features, there's not too much of a learning curve.

The left side bay on the T4010 vgp-bps9 is hot swappable and modular

The T4010 belongs to Fujitsu's LifeBook series of products. So besides just being of good vgp-bps8a built quality (it feels really sturdy and the screen holds perfectly for this one point flip-over hinge in both positions) you will have some useful goodies that come with all LifeBook products. One such feature is a modular bay system. The optical drive (DVD/CD) is the default item that goes in the modular bay, but an additional vgp-bps8b battery or hard drive can be placed there instead and all those devices are hot-swappable. The sweetest part is that you can share those devices with other model series LifeBook notebooks too, except for the tiny LifeBook P and B series products that is. A second useful feature is the built-in TPM (Trusted Platform Module). With SmartCard reader (built-in or separate) and SecureIT Suite (smart card and software for it) you can encrypt your LifeBook`s hard drive easily. Encrypting a hard drive is beneficial if you have sensitive data so in case of theft, all data stored on the hard drive disk is not accessible, even if somebody tries to put it in another computer to read it. On the bottom of the screen is the so called "security panel", five buttons for BIOS level password. A very impressive feature is what's called an integrated bridge battery. This integrated bridge battery means that you can swap the main battery out, without vgp-bps9a/b shutting the machine down (you do have to put it on sleep) and then put in a freshly charged battery. After you put the T4010 in sleep mode, you can remove main battery and it will still be stay in an operating mode for 30 seconds, which is surely enough time to swap a juiced up battery in. Like all Lifebook's, the T4010 vgp-bps9/b is designed to work seamlessly, so sleep is the natural mode vgp-bps9/s if you are not actually using the notebook. I like my tools to be ready anytime within seconds so I keep the T4010 in sleep mode a lot, I don't want to wait for Windows to fully boot, the only concern is Windows itself because temp files and other garbage will build up over time. However, one restart on a Sunday evening each week seems to solve this problem for me.

Design

The T4010 converting to Tablet PC mode

The T4010 looks good from the outside. A combination of black screen latitude d630 battery cover and solid silver magnesium is maybe a little bit conservative for some people's tastes, but this adds a "business-class" feeling. The weight of the T4010 is a little less than 2 kg (4.40lbs) which is quite good, all things considered. The 12.1" XGA (1024x768) screen is non-reflective and especially good if using this notebook in poor lighting conditions, it even works somewhat well in sunlight. On the right or bottom side (depends whether you're in tablet or notebook mode) of the T4010 xps m1330 battery are some small LCD lights that give information about the hard drive status, battery/batteries and so on, a power button and then five buttons related to security (BIOS password) and other tasks, e.g. scrolling pages, switching screen modes, acting as ENTER and function key and others. The pen, called a digitizer, is located on left side of the screen. Included in box is twine for connecting the pen with the notebook, this is a really useful "small matter" that prevents losing the pen, which happens to cost $40 or more. Also on the upper and bottom sides of the screen are two built-in microphones.

Input Devices

Fujitsu T4010 inspiron 1525 battery in notebook mode with keyboard available for use

The beige colored "apple-look" keyboard, similar to other Lifebook's, is sturdy and responsive. The key pitch is around 3-4 mm and I personally like the soft sound that gives audible so you both hear and feel a key has been pressed correctly. Do not think I mean the audible feedback of the keyboard is a cheap clack, the sound is really soft but solid feeling. The Left Ctrl key is in the right place -- that being the bottom left corner, so many notebooks have inspiron 6400 battery a function key there and it's really annoying. LifeBook's have never followed such annoying keyboard mistakes, often done by other manufacturers. An almost full size Enter key is a blessing too. The Windows key is in the right place, right where it should be. Call me lazy, but I prefer keyboard shortcuts and that's why I never liked IBM's ThinkPad keyboards without the Windows key. If you want to hit Window-key + D to access the desktop or just open some program or document, there is no key presented on IBM's ThinkPad and so you are forced to use the touchpad or stick. I don't like to be forced to do something I don't want to do! The only concern for the T4010s keyboard is that the Home and End keys share their place with PgUp and PgDn keys and are accessible only in conjunction with using the Fn key. The Touchpad is made by Alps and does well as usual. Beneath the touchpad are left- and right click buttons with a scroll button between them.

Speakers

Tiny stereo speakers are located at the front and are usable mainly for VoIP (e.g. Skype). You can listen to music too, but do not expect anything of great quality. However, for VoIP they are cleverly placed because no matter what mode the T4010 inspiron 1545 battery is in, tablet or notebook sound from the speakers will not interfere with microphones. Using it either way with Skype or MSN audio conversation service is pleasant and can cut some serious numbers from your phone bill.

Front side of T4010

On the front of the notebook is placed a power indicator, a headphone/line-out port, microphone line-in connector and a socket for MemoryStick/PRO/SD cards. On the right side is an optical drive (or whatever is there, remember it is a modular bay system) and standard Kensington slot for security. On the back are located (from left to right) power inlet, standard modem port, USB port, infrared and behind small plastic covers LAN and VGA output. latitude e6400 battery On left side can be found a Firewire port, second USB port, PCMCIA slot, SmartCard reader and hard switch for wireless connectivity. Especially good is the last button because it's the easiest way to manage connections and save some battery if WiFi or Bluetooth are not needed. Antenna-switch-module software lets the user configure how this button will act for wireless LAN and Bluetooth. Also on the left side is the hot air outlet for cooling the system, air inlets are placed on bottom. This is good to know because if you use the T4010 as notebook while in bed where intake is blocked, the T4010 will get very hot and noisy. Generally noise is not a concern with the vgp-bps2a T4010, only under heavy load does the cooling kick-in and you can hear it. Ordinarily Office application use is not demanding enough to stress the Pentium M, even when multitasking. But if I play Quake 3, the T4010 will be noisy. For me this doesn't matter as I use headphones anyway. Besides, this notebook is not designed for gaming, and Quake 3 is the upper limit of gaming for which you can expect decent frame rates.

Above view of T4010

On the bottom of T is an expansion bus for the port replicator. A port replicator lets inspiron 1501 battery a user connect all the external devices once to the replicator and then use the notebook as a pseudo-desktop machine by placing it in the dock. There are 4 USB ports on the replicator, headphone/line-out, microphone/line-in, VGA, DVI, LAN pass through and power adapter inlet.

Battery

TheT4010 has a 6-cell 4800 mAh battery vostro 1000 battery and Fujitsu claims runtime for up to 5 hours on this. As usual, small print says that it depends on applications used and other circumstances (first and foremost it means reduced screen brightness, which I really hate). The battery life depends so much on actual usage that there should be some scenarios. For comfortable battery life what you really need is a second battery -- an added 3800 mAh can make the T last even longer. I played my beloved Quake 3 using two batteries (regular 4800 mAh and additional 3800 mAh) and I got a very impressive result, I could play almost 2 hours. Watching a DVD (with main battery only, WiFi active for MSN and Skype) resulted in battery runtime of 2 hours 41 minutes. Office usage with main battery only (Outlook, Avant Browser with 4-5 tabs, 2 Word documents, 2 simultaneous MSN conversations, WiFi and Bluetooth active, highest screen brightness) resulted in 3 hours 57 minutes of battery life. Not bad results at all.

Wireless connectivity

The T4010 I have came with an Intel PRO 2200 BG vostro 1500 battery mini PCI card for the internal wireless card. It rests beneath the keyboard and worked as expected, after Intel released 9th series drivers for this wireless card, all is seamless. The Alps Bluetooth is good too. I hooked up a Fujitsu PX mouse, GPS, Samsung SGH-D500 as a GPRS modem and Samsung Bluetooth headset and there was no problem to manage all those devices even if they were used at the same time. Products from Alps Electric are always something you can count on and drivers for them never cause problems either, that's why Alps parts are often used in quality notebooks.

Conclusion

From a notebook perspective the T4010 has good build quality, looks great and offers vgp-bps2c a lot of security and data safety related features. Performance wise it is powerful enough for me. From a Tablet PC perspective, I probably never used all the capabilities offered by this machine. But I am now getting a new notebook, the LifeBook S7020, and I already know I will miss some of the features offered by the T4010. Most of all I will miss the possibility to browse the net or use MSN messenger while in bed! With Tablet PC it is far more comfortable then with ordinary notebook.

Pros

Long battery life

Modular bay system

Rich software bundle

Variable between notebook / Tablet PC

Looks nice

Solid build quality

Comfortable keyboard

Cons

A little bit expensive

You can fall into some habits that are hard to break!